Matlab model power quality series jobs
I'm in need of a 3D artist who can create a basic product model for me. This model should be able to be viewed from different angles. Key Requirements: - The project involves product modeling, so experience in this area is essential. - The model needs to be created with basic shapes and forms. No complex detailing or textures are needed. - You must be able to generate multiple views of the model, allowing me to see it from different perspectives. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in 3D modeling software, such as Blender, Maya, or 3ds Max. - A strong portfolio demonstrating previous experience with product modeling. - A keen eye for detail and the ability to follow design specifications accurately. - Excellent communication skills to ensure my req...
...wallets. He can connect his main wallet by using private key. And the bot will transfer the amount specified by the admin to all the wallets. And performs buy, sell. It should use jito bundle for performing multiple rotating transactions for buy and sell. It should perform buy, sell simultaneously. And the admin can set for how much time it should perform the transactions. And the admin have power to stop it whenever he wants to stop the bot. When the bot is about to stop. It stops all the transactions, sell the remaining coins, swap it to usdt, or usdc, and transactions all the funds from all thr wallets to the main wallet. Also include server logs. And settings. In Settings the admin can connect his wallet. Enter his private key. And also settings related to email changing, ...
...back-end services. - Optimizing components for maximum performance across a vast array of web-capable devices and browsers - Implementing an intuitive user interface - Designing engaging website layouts - Translating designs and wireframes into high-quality code - Managing the react codebase **Basic Qualifications** - 12+ months of experience in building applications using React.js and Typescript - Proven work experience in integrating APIs into the React code - Strong proficiency in JavaScript, including DOM manipulation and the JavaScript object model - Thorough understanding of React.js and its core principles - Experience with popular React.js workflows (such as Redux) - Familiarity with newer specifications of EcmaScript - Experience with data structure libraries (e...
...tuning methods is required. Previous experience with PI tuning is beneficial. Currently, MATLAB/Simulink is being used for modeling and system simulation, hence proficiency in it is crucial. Ideally, the candidate will have extensive experience using MATLAB for complex motor control simulations. However, I haven't defined the specific tuning methods to be used which leaves room for a range of strategies. The right candidate may suggest an efficient solution based on their past experience and knowledge. Overall, I am looking for someone to impart a level of dynamism and precision to the motor control that it currently lacks, by better tuning the PI controllers. Skills required: - Proficiency in MATLAB/Simulink - Solid grasp of field oriented control - Exper...
I am looking for an expert with solid experience in Field Oriented Control (FOC) of...solid experience in Field Oriented Control (FOC) of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) who can help tune my PI controllers for more precise speed control. Here are the specifics: - I have an established model using MATLAB/Simulink, and the PI controllers are already implemented. - The key outcome I want is to enhance the accuracy of the speed response. The ideal candidate will have: - Extensive knowledge and experience with PMSM and FOC. - Proven background in tuning PI controllers. - Strong proficiency in MATLAB/Simulink. Your task will involve analyzing the existing model, suggesting enhancements for the PI controllers, and implementing these changes to achieve...
...seeking an experienced software developer to create code for a power electronics control system. The project involves using an Arduino DUE and the IMC101T T038 motor controller. The software should control and regulate both the grid side and machine side using Space Vector PWM (SVPWM). Communication between the Arduino and other components will be handled via serial communication. Additionally, the system should include a quadrant display using 4 LEDs to indicate whether it is operating in motor or generator mode. All datasheets and circuit diagrams will be provided. Key Responsibilities: Control and Regulation: Implement SVPWM on both grid and machine sides. Grid-side control: Adjustable power factor (cos(φ)), current, and power. Machine-side control: Adjust...
...Microsoft Power Platform expert to help me package and publish a comprehensive PowerApps solution on AppSource. The primary goal for this project is to showcase innovation. Key Components: - Canvas app - Component library - Power Automate flows - Environment variables - Connection references Required Application Information: Freelancers interested in this project should provide a brief description of their relevant experience and knowledge. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Microsoft Power Platform and Dataverse Expertise - C# and .NET Development - Package Deployer Tool Proficiency - Power Apps CLI and Visual Studio Code - Experience with Dynamics 365 SDK - Previous experience in publishing PowerApps solutions on AppSource - Ability to work with canvas app...
...sendMessageToClaudeChatbot(message) { this.Claude_question = "Claude Question"; const anthropic = new Anthropic({ apiKey: process.env.CLAUDE_COLAB, }); (anthropic); const anthropic_message = await ({ // mode: "no-cors", max_tokens: 1024, messages: [{ role: "user", content: "Hello, Claude" }], model: "claude-3-opus-20240229", }); this.Claude_answer = ; (); try { const response = await ( this.Claude_question ); = ; } catch (error) { this.Claude_answer(error); ("Error sending message:"
I am in need of an experienced and creative designer to create visuals of uniforms being worn. I will supply images of the garments, it will be your job to place these on model/s to show how they look being worn. An example of the type of work that will be required is attached. Please provide examples of similar work you have completed, their will be ongoing work for the succesful freelancer.
I have access to the aircraft and can get many photos. I also have access to schematics to support the design. The end product will need to be in a format readable by 3DS Max 2023 and will then be imported into a game engine. Both high detail exterior and interior models will need to be made with milestones on 3D Geometry and artwork.
I'm looking for a freelancer to be the model for ultrasound demonstrations at a medical conference. These demonstrations will not focus on diagnosing a medical condition, but rather showcasing a particular company's medical device and technology. Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive way to look into the body, it is used on children and pregnant people and had no xrays or magnetic fields. Ideal skills and experience: - Willingness to have ultrasound gel placed on the abdomen, neck and legs. - Willingness to have medically trained participants at the conference watch the images generated while you are scanned and discuss technical aspects of the ultrasound machine around you. - Willingness to be scanned by visitors to the conference booth, they will be under the supervisi...
I'm looking for someone to prepare KPI dashboard in Power BI.
...animation, with a strong portfolio showcasing relevant work. -Experience in scripting within Blender to automate tasks and enhance animation functionalities. -Knowledge of integrating Blender projects with other software for interactive displays. - Demonstrated ability to work on projects that combine art and technology, particularly in public or large-scale settings. Deliverables: A series of high-quality anamorphic animations designed in Blender, ready for public display. A backend system for content management that facilitates easy updating and interaction handling. Comprehensive documentation on managing and updating the display content, as well as troubleshooting common issues. In this project, you will be working closely with a small, dedicated team to tailor t...
I'm in need of a desktop application that automates sperm analysis, leveraging the power of AI. This software will be used to create spermograms. Key Requirements: - Automation of Sperm Analysis: The software should be able to fully automate sperm analysis. This includes motility, morphology, and concentration analysis. - Utilization of AI: The software should harness the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence to improve the accuracy of the analysis. - Creation of Spermograms: The main purpose of the software is to create spermograms. This requires the software to be able to present the analysis in an organized and understandable way. Ideal Freelancer: - Proficient in AI and machine learning, particularly in the healthcare or biological fields. - Experience with developing...
I'm in need of a skilled 3D designer who can take my concept and transform it into an interactive prototype of an electronic device. Key requirements include: - Knowledge in industri...requirements include: - Knowledge in industrial design, particularly in electronics - Expertise in creating 3D prototypes - Ability to align with my vision and provide creative input for design improvement From the outset, I'm relying on the designer's technical and creative abilities as I'll be providing the basic concept without a detailed sketch. In addition to creating a detailed and realistic 3D model of the electronic device, I would love your inputs on functionality and aesthetics. If you're keen on bringing innovative products to life and possess the mentioned s...
We are looking for a talented designer to create a series of abstract illustrations for our upcoming print materials. The ideal candidate for this role will have experience in designing abstract illustrations and a strong portfolio from previous assignments. Key Project Requirements: - Create 2 abstract illustrations suitable for print materials - The designs should be as close to the two uploaded images as possible - Vector graphic - pdf - The image should be a square Please note that we are looking for a long term partner, making our future ai-designs to a printable versions. We are looking forward partering up with the person that can deiliver the best result based on our attached images.
...technology to be the platform for marketers. Core Values: * Innovation: Continuously exploring and integrating the latest technologies and solutions. * Expertise: Leveraging deep industry knowledge and technical prowess to deliver exceptional results. * Trust: Building lasting relationships based on transparency, reliability, and trustworthiness. * Empowerment: Enabling clients to harness the power of data and cloud technologies to achieve their marketing goals. * Collaboration: Working closely with clients to understand their needs and deliver customised solutions. Design Direction: * Clean and minimalist design * Incorporate elements that symbolise data, clarity and improvement * Consider subtle elements that denote intelligence and technology Usage Guidelines: * The logo sh...
...create a responsive website that can effectively interact with a LLM AI model. This model should be able to provide prompt-based responses to users who interact with it via a chat interface. Key requirements for this project include: - Implementing an NLP AI model: You should have a solid understanding of NLP concepts and be able to integrate this into the website effectively. - Chat interface development: The chat interface should be user-friendly and engaging, allowing users to receive responses to their prompts seamlessly. - Basic customization: Although we seek a simplistic design, the chat interface should still maintain a professional and appealing look. This means including preset themes for customization. We have a model on google colab which uses G...
I am considering purchasing Ultimate POS software, but it lacks a crucial feature for managing individual product serial numbers. Although it includes an IMEI/Serial number feature, it only allows you to add the serial number at the point of sale. However, I need to input the serial numbers when updating the stock. For instance, if I purchase 5 units of the GoPro 12 model, I want to update my inventory by entering the serial number for each of the 5 units. This way, I can track which specific serial numbers are currently in stock. Additionally, I need the capability to search for products by their serial number when making a sale. The ideal candidate should have prior experience in customizing POS software, particularly in adding new fields, and should be proficient in inventory a...
We are seeking a skilled AI developer to create a custom AI script capable of generating answers based on specific datasets for multiple products. This AI model will provide accurate responses using only the data provided for each product. If the model cannot find a matching answer, it should prompt the user to contact us for further assistance.
We are a women's apparel brand seeking a skilled and creative freelance video editor to edit a series of ecommerce product videos into short, engaging 10-15 second clips for our website. Project Details: Edit original video footage into high-quality 10-15 second product videos. Include shots of models walking on and off the screen as well as close-up details of the garments. Ensure seamless transitions and a cohesive look and feel across all videos. Deliver final videos in a format optimized for web display. Requirements: Proven experience in video editing, particularly for ecommerce or fashion brands. Proficiency in video editing software (e.g., Adobe Premiere Pro, Final Cut Pro). Strong attention to detail and a keen eye for aesthetics. Ability to meet deadlines and ...
I'm in need of a professional who has extensive experience with SharePoint, Power Apps, Power Automate, and secondary Power BI . I need support for my consultant indian time 8:30 pm to 11:30 pm Monday to Friday. 12$/hourly.. payment every saturday vai peayplea. I already have other indian guys who are working with me since 2019 to present. This support will be on zoom meeting. Which we will provide u and u will connect with my consultant for support.
We are seeking a skilled AI developer to create a custom AI script capable of generating answers based on specific datasets for multiple products. This AI model will provide accurate responses using only the data provided for each product. If the model cannot find a matching answer, it should prompt the user to contact us for further assistance.
To create a precise 3D model of a small-sized charging case for the AirPods Pro 2 in Blender, here's a detailed plan based on your specifications. Specifications Recap: PCB and Battery Dimensions: 33 x 40 x 10 mm AirPods Pro 2 Dimensions: Height (H): 30.9 mm Width (W): 21.8 mm Depth (D): 24.0 mm Design Requirements: The case should connect to the top and be formed like a butterfly. The two circular charging metals at the bottom should be positioned to the left and right. The part of the AirPods Pro 2 that goes into the ears should stick up 15 mm above the case. Steps to Create the 3D Model in Blender: Set Up Blender: Open Blender and delete the default cube. Model the Charging Case: Create the Main Body: Press Shift + A to add a new mesh, select Cube. Scale the...
I am looking for a capable freelancer to develop a chemical reaction generation model. The goal is to do retrosynthesis, so basically predicting reactants from every SMILES product on my test data. You can use whatever you want(pre trained models or you own script)
I'm looking for an AI expert to help me improve an existing AI model. This project requires full-time engagement to achieve the best results possible. Specifically, I'm looking for someone with experience in Natural Language Processing (NLP). This project will involve analyzing large datasets of text and quotes, in order to develop a powerful natural language processing model. The model should have the ability to classify quotes by sentiment, recognize intent and extract entities from the text. There will also be opportunities to explore new techniques for natural language understanding and machine learning. The right candidate should have excellent problem-solving skills, knowledge of machine learning and natural language processing algorithms, as well as...
...prefer to pay on delivery or on-site. Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proven experience in developing E-commerce websites is a big plus. - Deep knowledge in integrating payment gateways, especially with multiple options. - Previous experience in creating booking systems and availability calendars. - Familiarity with user reviews and rating systems. - A good understanding of the rental business model and customers' expectations. - The ability to deliver a user-friendly and reliable website that's easy to navigate and visually appealing. RENTAL OF HOUSES RENTAL OF HOTELS RENTAL OF VEHICLES RENTAL OF EQUIPMENT SHUFFLE SERVICES EXCURSIONS AROUND SICILY POSIBILITY OF CREATING BUNDLE FOR ALL INCLUSIVE BOOKING OPTION KITE SCHOOL BOOKING MAPS WEATHER & WIND RESTAUR...
I'm looking for ...with dimensions will be provided, as some machines are customized and have different dimensions (but same shape). If successful, we will follow with more work to do the interior design of our new lab using the aforementioned machines. Requirements: - Interior Design Modeling experience - Level of Detailing: I'm looking for moderate detail with some basic textures, giving a realistic feel to the model. - Experience: Prior experience in interior design modeling is a must - Communication: A clear and open line of communication is crucial. I will give you a rough idea of what I'm looking for, but I'm open to suggestions and iterations. If you're passionate about interior design, proficient in Sketchup, and have a knack for bringing spaces ...
I am in the process of constructing a new residential duplex villa and I am in need of a talented 3D interior designer to bring my vision to life. Key Tasks: - Develop a 3D model for the duplex villa's interior design - Design the living room, kitchen, and bedroom to create a cohesive, aesthetically pleasing space - Ensure the design aligns with the vision for the overall construction Ideal Skills: - Proficiency in 3D modeling software - Experience in residential interior design - Ability to work collaboratively and integrate feedback - A strong eye for detail and aesthetics I'm looking for someone who can take my ideas and elevate them into a stunning, practical design. I am open to suggestions and want to work with a professional who can bring creativity and innovat...
I urgently need a specialist in Ubiquiti UniFi to help me revive my system, which has gone down following a power outage. I've been left without any internet connection and I desperately need a professional to come in and provide effective solutions ASAP. If you have experience in: - Setting up UniFi network - Troubleshooting UniFi network issues - Configuring UniFi devices and you're comfortable with dealing with various types of internet connections, as I'm unsure which one is used in my setup, your skill set is what I'm looking for. Your prompt help will be highly appreciated.
I require a 3D diagram based on a structural floor plan for a metal work project. This diagram will be used for construction planning, so it needs to be detailed and accurate, reflecting the specific requirements outlined in the provided drawing. Key requirements include: - 3D visualization of the structural layout - Conversion of the floor plan to a 3D model - Inclusion of basic labels and dimensions The final output is expected in SKP format, for easy integration with our existing systems. Ideal candidates for this project should have experience in: - 3D modeling, specifically for construction planning - Proficiency with SketchUp - Ability to translate 2D drawings to 3D models with accuracy - Familiarity with metal work projects would be an advantage. Your role in this proj...
I'm in need of a network engineer with expertise in the Local Area Network (LAN) infrastructure for troubleshooting and optimization. Key Tasks: - Install, rack, and stack a Cisco Catalyst 8300 series device. This includes unboxing, physical mounting, and initial power-on to ensure the device is operational. - Network Troubleshooting: The freelancer should be able to identify and rectify any issues affecting the LAN's performance. - Installation: If necessary, the engineer should help in the setup of new equipment or software for the network. Ideal Candidate: - Proven experience in LAN network design and architecture. - Strong troubleshooting skills and experience in network optimization. - Good knowledge of network security will be a plus. Please note that the...
I am in search of a talented 3D animator who can bring my manufacturing machine to life in a technical, yet simplified, animation. Your task will be to create a low-detail model, focusing on basic shapes and forms, rather than getting caught up in the nuts and bolts. Experience in a similar field will be seen favorably. Key responsibilities and required skills include: - Creating and animating a 3D model of a manufacturing machine - Maintaining technical authenticity in the animation - Accuracy in representing basic shapes and forms - Proficiency in 3D animation programs - Effective communication skills While a comprehensive understanding of manufacturing machines is not necessary, an illustrative comprehension of mechanical elements would be highly beneficial. Let's b...
I'm in need of a high detailed 3D printable model in STL format. This will be used for display and as a final product. I'm looking for a freelancer who has experience in 3D modeling, especially in creating intricate, detailed models suitable for 3D print. The ideal candidate would have experience with a variety of projects that required a high level of detail. If you have a portfolio with similar projects, please include it in your proposal. I need golden wing to be modeled on the heart shape similar to reference images.
I need an experienced electrical designer with expertise in AutoCAD for an industrial project. The design needs to incorporate power distribution and include layouts for Solar and Wind OFC, WMS and CCTV. Ideal skills and experience: - Proficient in AutoCAD Electrical software - Previous experience with industrial projects - Deep understanding of power distribution - Capable of designing Solar and Wind OFC layouts, WMS and CCTV system Compliance: The design work must adhere to the following industry standards and regulations: - National Electrical Code (NEC) - International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Please, include actual experience and project samples that adhere to these standards in your bid.
I'm in need of a skilled 3D model designer who can create visually appealing and high-quality building models. These models will be specifically used for my e-commerce website. Key Requirements: - Entrance animation using our logo - Landing page animations The ideal candidate will be able to bring creativity and technical expertise to the project, ensuring the models are both structurally sound and visually engaging.
I'm looking for a highly skilled QT senior development eng...and other communication protocols, with 1ms cycle response. 4: Support hardware parameter configuration, multi-channel data analysis, storage, data playback, and support real-time data curves at different communication rates. 5: Supports local and cloud dual storage. 6: Port a Python data analysis open source library (provided by us), which needs to display the analyzed data in the form of a 3D model. The main objective is to develop a user-friendly, robust and efficient desktop application. Therefore, you should not only have the ability to write optimized code but also understand how to create an interface that delivers smooth user experience. If you are confident in your abilities to perform these tasks, please fe...
...professional who can help with an enhancement to our powerflow analysis utilizing Power Factory software. This project is primarily focused on conducting a comprehensive powerflow analysis to improve the efficiency and reliability of our power systems. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct a powerflow analysis using Power Factory software - Implement enhancements to improve overall power system efficiency - Ensure compliance with regulatory standards and best practices - Provide a detailed report on the analysis and suggested improvements Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in Power Factory software - Strong background in power systems analysis - Familiarity with power losses, voltage stability, and power transfer optimization ...
I'm hunting for a skillful graphic designer to create an ingenious logo for my film production & rental business, primarily focusing on enhancing brand recognition. You'll also be responsible for translating this logo into a series of engaging Instagram posts. Ideal Experience and Skills: - Proven graphic designing experience in the film industry - Proficient in design software and technologies - A keen eye for aesthetics and details - Exceptional creativity and innovation - Understands the impact of a strong brand and can embody our business persona into the logo - Experience in designing catchy Instagram posts Your contribution will play a crucial role in increasing our brand visibility and setting a creative tone for our organization. Your creative acumen can ...
This is going to require on site visits in Martinsburg, WV I require expert assistance for water quality testing specifically for irrigation purposes. The main concern is potential presence of bacteria and pathogens which could not only affect plant health but also seep into produce, posing health risks. We have a 5 acre wooded property in the mountains and the new neighbors blocked the water supply running into our several wet water streams going through our property. Now all the previously blocked areas have been released and the water coming through on our property is not normal. We are worried that it could kill our trees, wildlife, and vegetation. We are also worried about recent pesticides and herbicides being used in the area that are seeping into our property. - Testing f...
...seeking an experienced developer to convert the SPM12 GUI interface, currently built on the MATLAB compiler, into a Python application. The source code for SPM12 is available at SPM12 GitHub repository Objectives: • Translate the entire SPM12 codebase from MATLAB to Python while maintaining functionality. • Develop a Python-based GUI that replicates the current MATLAB interface. • Ensure the converted application integrates well with Python scientific computing stacks. Key Deliverables: • A fully functional Python version of SPM12. • Source code with comments and documentation. • A user guide for the Python-based GUI. Skills Required: • Proficiency in MATLAB and Python programming languages. • Experienc...
I'm in need of a network engineer with expertise in the Local Area Network (LAN) infrastructure for troubleshooting and optimization. Key Tasks: - Install, rack, and stack a Cisco Catalyst 8300 series device. This includes unboxing, physical mounting, and initial power-on to ensure the device is operational. - Network Troubleshooting: The freelancer should be able to identify and rectify any issues affecting the LAN's performance. - Installation: If necessary, the engineer should help in the setup of new equipment or software for the network. Ideal Candidate: - Proven experience in LAN network design and architecture. - Strong troubleshooting skills and experience in network optimization. - Good knowledge of network security will be a plus. Please note that the...
My objective is to create short duration (5-10 minutes) document...are hiring freelance video photographers like you, to shoot easy fashion style video shows with local female models you recruit for each project. You will be shooting projects where you are now located, with local women you invite to model for you, and we pay you from US$500 per shoot project, more once you become familiar with shooting for us. ModelsUpClose are video entertainment producers, hiring video photographers from across the world in fashion style General Exhibition video shows since 1997. It is essential we agree on your proposed model before starting a project. We have a Job Specification sheet to ensure your success and can discuss storylines and themes to suit you and your ...
I need a technical expert skilled in Raspberry Pi integrations to create a display...project are: - GPS module - IMU module - TBS satellite receiver The LCD display should show GPS coordinates and IMU data in real-time. It also needs to set the frequency for the TBS satellite receiver. The Raspberry Pi setup will be powered by a battery, so considering power consumption in the build is important. Ideal skills for this job would include: - Experience with Raspberry Pi integrations - Familiarity with GPS modules and IMU modules - Knowledge of frequencies for TBS satellite receivers - Proficient in power management for computer systems, particularly those powered by batteries. Please ensure your bid includes your experience with these components and any similar projects yo...
I'm seeking a skilled copywriter to help craft radio copy that will resonate with our audience and effectively communicate our brand traits of trustworthiness and quality. Your main tasks will be: - Understanding our brand: You should be able to capture the essence of our brand and the values we stand for. - Crafting compelling radio copy: You'll need to create engaging, impactful copy that conveys trustworthiness and quality in a way that captures and keeps the listener's attention. - Adaptability: The ability to create radio copy that aligns with our brand while also being flexible enough to resonate with different target markets is crucial. Ideal candidates will have experience in branding and copywriting, particularly in the radio medium. Understandin...
I'm looking for a motion graphics designer to create a series of 15-30 second movies, with a total of five films. The main goal of these movies is to educate a health-conscious audience about the benefits of a Low Carb diet. We have five scripts for you. Look in the bottom of this post to see how the scripts looks. Key Requirements: - Crafting engaging and informative 15-30 second motion graphic videos - Using provided scripts to create the movies - Targeting health-conscious individuals as primary audience The selected freelancer should have: - Demonstrable experience in creating educational motion graphic content - A portfolio showcasing previous work in the field - Understanding of the principles of designing for specific audiences, especially health-conscious individuals...
I'm seeking a skilled copywriter to help craft radio copy that will resonate with our audience and effectively communicate our brand traits of trustworthiness and quality. Your main tasks will be: - Understanding our brand: You should be able to capture the essence of our brand and the values we stand for. - Crafting compelling radio copy: You'll need to create engaging, impactful copy that conveys trustworthiness and quality in a way that captures and keeps the listener's attention. - Adaptability: The ability to create radio copy that aligns with our brand while also being flexible enough to resonate with different target markets is crucial. Ideal candidates will have experience in branding and copywriting, particularly in the radio medium. Understandin...
...professional who can help with an enhancement to our powerflow analysis utilizing Power Factory software. This project is primarily focused on conducting a comprehensive powerflow analysis to improve the efficiency and reliability of our power systems. Key Responsibilities: - Conduct a powerflow analysis using Power Factory software - Implement enhancements to improve overall power system efficiency - Ensure compliance with regulatory standards and best practices - Provide a detailed report on the analysis and suggested improvements Ideal Skills and Experience: - Proficiency in Power Factory software - Strong background in power systems analysis - Familiarity with power losses, voltage stability, and power transfer optimization ...
